High levels of Bisphenol A may be associated with an increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in humans, according to a new study. The Lat et al study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, looked at the amount of BPA in people's urine and found that those with higher concentrations of BPA were associated with high levels of cardiovascular risk and diabetes. The study does not establish causality, but the authors say that it puts a scientific question mark over BPA. It is a first study and needs to be repeated, they say. "These findings add to the evidence suggesting adverse effects of low dose BPA in animals," concludes the study. "Independent replication and follow up studies are needed to confirm these findings and to provide evidence on whether the associations are causal."