The North American lime industry produced 22.9m tonnes of lime in 1998, continuing an incremental growth trend of 3% per annum. Consolidation has seen European companies rapidly establishing major positions in a cost-driven industry that is becoming highly professional and competitive. The sophistication of kiln and processing technology is increasing as manufacturers seek to satisfy more exacting customer demands while reducing costs, as the lime product begins to resemble a speciality chemical at the top end. Consolidation also brings with it the need to spread risk to lessen dependence on traditional steel markets. The industry is seeking diversification by adapting to change in the commercial environment with the development of high added-value lime products.